Markets Chop Back And Forth
The struggle for directions continues this week as conflicting economic and inventory data has energy and equity markets chopping back and forth. RBOB gasoline futures are trading higher for a fifth day, testing resistance around the $1.22 mark for the eight time in 10 sessions, and if they can finally manage to sustain a break above that ceiling have a clear path to $1.40 on the charts. Oil and ULSD contracts have a more neutral technical outlook and are going nowhere so far today.
The EIA’s weekly oil output estimate dropped by 600mb/day last week. The large drop in oil output coincides with a drop in the unaccounted for crude calculation, which seems to confirm the suspicion of the past two months that the official estimates were overstating actual production by nearly one million barrels/day. There is still more than 600mb/day of oil unaccounted for in the petroleum balance sheet, which may mean real production has dropped below 10 million barrels/day in the U.S., from a high of 13.1 million barrels/day just three months ago.
Diesel inventories saw a small decline, the first time distillate stocks have dropped in 11 weeks. Diesel demand estimates had a second weekly gain after reaching their lowest level in more than a decade, and are now “only” about ½ million barrels/day (roughly 12 percent) below the seasonal average for this time of year. Refiners continue to demonstrate their relative flexibility in dealing with this supply glut, dropping diesel output to a two year low, even as total refinery runs increased on the week, reversing the pattern we saw on the front end of the COVID-19 shutdown.
Gasoline inventories also had a small draw-down – which helped prices recover from the selling sparked from the API’s estimated four million barrel build. Unfortunately for refiners, gasoline demand was estimated to have declined on the week, snapping a three week streak of increases, and giving a reminder of how challenging this recovery is to predict. The weekly consumption for gasoline is now roughly 15 percent below its seasonal five year average, and roughly 20 percent below year-ago levels. A bright spot for domestic refiners in this report was that gasoline exports had a strong increase, which should be good news for the coastal facilities that have come to rely on international buyers to clear their plants.
The Dallas Fed this week highlighted new studies that suggest consumers are much more sensitive to gasoline prices than previously thought, which contradicts decades of economic research on the topic. The end result is that the new findings suggest drivers are more likely to reduce miles driven when prices rise, and if prices stay high over a longer term they will switch to more fuel efficient options.
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The Perceived Cooling Of Regional Tensions In The Middle East Area Attributing To The Quiet Start To Today’s Trading Session
The energy complex is drifting lower this morning with RBOB futures outpacing its counterparts, trading -.9% lower so far to start the day. The oils (WTI, Brent, heating) are down only .2%-.3% so far this morning.
The perceived cooling of regional tensions in the Middle East area attributing to the quiet start to today’s trading session, despite Israel’s seizure of an important border crossing. A ceasefire/hostage-release agreement was proposed Monday, and accepted by Hamas, but rejected by Israel as they seemingly pushed ahead with their Rafah offensive.
U.S. oil and natural gas production both hit record highs in 2023 and continue to rise in 2024, with oil output currently standing at 13.12 million barrels per day and January 2024 natural gas production slightly exceeding the previous year. With WTI currently changing hands at higher than year-ago levels, this increased production trend is expected to continue despite a decrease in rigs drilling for these resources.
Less than a week after the Senate Budget Committee’s hearing centered on the credibility of big oil’s climate preservation efforts, a major oil company was reported to have sold millions of carbon capture credits, without capturing any carbon. Fraud surrounding government subsidies to push climate-conscious fuel initiatives is nothing new, on a small scale, but it will be interesting to see how much (if any) of the book is thrown at a major refiner.
Today’s interesting read: sourcing hydrogen for refining.
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Energy Contracts Are Trying To Find A Floor After Taking Their Largest Weekly Losses Of The Year So Far Last Week
Energy contracts are trying to find a floor after taking their largest weekly losses of the year so far last week.
There’s not much in the way of news yet this morning, so the modest buying is largely being blamed on reports that Saudi Arabia raised its prices for Asian and Mediterranean buyers in June, signaling that demand is strong enough in those markets to shoulder the increase.
RBOB gasoline futures have already dropped 28 cents from the high set April 12th, leading the argument that prices have peaked for the season. The 200-day moving average comes in just under $2.50/gallon this week, some 6.5 cents below current values, and helps set a pivotal chart support layer. If prices break there, there’s a strong case that we’ll see another 20-30 cents of downside, similar to what we saw this time last year.
Money managers continued to reduce their net length in NYMEX contracts last week, as WTI, RBOB and ULSD saw a net decrease of more than 17,000 contracts of speculative length. The hedge fund liquidation seems to have run its course for this latest news cycle however, as new short positions accounted for the majority of the decrease, and WTI and Brent both saw new length added by the big speculators. Money managers are now net-short on ULSD, which could be another reason to think the bottom is near if you subscribe to the theory that the bandwagon-jumping hedge funds usually are wrong.
Baker Hughes reported a decline of 7 oil rigs and 3 natural gas rigs last week, bringing the combined total rig count to its lowest level in more than 2 years. Perhaps most noteworthy in this week’s report was that Alaska saw 5 of its 14 active rigs taken offline in just 1 week. It’s not yet clear if this may have anything to do with the startup of the transmountain pipeline which will have Western Canadian crude now competing more directly with Alaskan grades.
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Energy Markets Are Pointing Modestly Higher To Start Friday’s Session
Energy markets are pointing modestly higher to start Friday’s session, in a meager attempt at a recovery rally at the end of what would be the worst week in over two months if prices settle near current values. The liquidation of speculative bets placed on higher energy prices ahead of the direct conflict between Israel and Iran continues to appear to be the driver of the weakness, and we’ll have to wait and see if this modest bounce is a sign that the liquidation is over, or just a pause before it picks up again. Most contracts remain in a precarious technical position with the potential for a slide towards $70 for WTI and $2.20 for both refined products if the buyers don’t get serious soon.
Stocks are pointing sharply higher after a slowdown in job growth reported in the April Non-Farm payroll report. The BLS reported an increase of 175,000 jobs for the month, down sharply from the 315,000 jobs added in March, and the February & March estimates were revised down a combined 22,000. Both the “official” (U-3) and “real” (U-6) unemployment rates ticked up by .1% to 3.9% and 7.4% respectively. The immediate positive reaction to negative news suggest that the bad news is good news low-interest-rate junkies believe this may help the FED’s dilemma of the US economy being too strong to cut rates. The big jump in equities has not seemed to spill over into energy contracts yet, as crude and refined product contracts changed very little following the report.
San Francisco diesel basis spiked 15 cents Thursday to reach the highest level of any market in the country so far this year at 35 cents over prompt futures. While there aren’t yet any refinery upsets reported to blame the spike on, PBF is undergoing planned maintenance at its Martinez facility, and of course P66 just finished converting its Rodeo plant to RD after Marathon converted its Martinez facility in the past couple of years, meaning there are at most only 2 out of the previous 5 refineries in the region operating near capacity these days. The question now is how quickly barrels can shift north from Southern California which continues to show signs of a supply glut with weak basis values and spot to rack spreads.
PBF continued the trend of Q1 refinery earnings that were sharply lower, but still healthy by longer-term historical standards. The company noted that its Saint Bernard (the parish, not the dog) Renewables facility co-processing at its Chalmette refinery had received provisional approval from CARB to lower its CI scores and help improve the amount of LCFS subsidies it can receive. That facility is operating at 18mb/day which is roughly 86% of its capacity.
Cenovus highlighted the restart of its Toledo and Superior refineries in improved refinery run rates in Q1 2024 vs Q1 2023 and noted that it had ramped up production at units that were slowed down for economic reasons in December and January (you may remember this as the time when midcontinent basis values were trading 50 cents/gallon below futures). The company did note that the January deep freeze slowed operations at Superior, but did not mention any change in operating rates despite numerous upsets at its 50% owned Borger refinery.
Dress rehearsal for a busy hurricane season? So far there are no reports of refinery issues caused by the flooding in the Houston area this week. At this point, most of the flooding appears to be far to the north of the refining hubs on the Gulf Coast but with more storms in the forecast and 88 counties already declaring disaster status, this will be something to watch for the next few days.
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